Video Steganography Based on Modification Probability Transformation and Non-additive Embedding Distortion

Abstract

In recent years, research on motion vector-based video steganography has attracted considerable attention from researchers in the field of information hiding. Many video steganographic methods incorporating motion vector-based additive embedding distortion functions have achieved good performance. However, the mutual embedding impact between cover elements in video steganography is neglected in these additive embedding distortion functions. In this paper, joint distortion which reflects the mutual embedding impact for motion vectors is designed. By decomposing joint embedding distortion, modification probability transformation can be achieved and embedding payloads can be dynamically and reasonably allocated in horizontal components and vertical components of motion vectors. Therefore, the video steganography method using non-additive embedding distortion is proposed. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method can enhance the security performance significantly compared with the typical methods using additive embedding distortions and obtain the relatively better video coding quality as well.