Abstract
Compressive coded rotating mirror (CCRM) camera is a novel high-speed imaging system that operates under amplitude optical encoding and frame sweeping modalities in a passive imaging mode that is capable of reconstructing 1400 frames from a single shot image acquisition and achieves the highest compression ratio of 368 compared to the other compressive sensing (CS) based single-shot imaging modalities. The integrated optical encoding and compression adds a strong layer of encryption on the observed data and facilitates the integration of the CCRM camera with the imaging applications that require highly efficient data encryption and compression due to capturing highly sensitive data or limited transmission and storage capacities. CCRM uses amplitude encoding that significantly extends the key space where the probability of having the exact encoder pattern is estimated as Pleft( Aright) = 1/{10}^{122,500}, hence drastically reducing the possibility of data recovery in a brute force manner. Data reconstruction is achieved under CS based algorithms where the obtained amplitude-based pattern from optical encoder operates as the key in the recovery process. Reconstruction on the experimental as well as the synthetic data at various compression ratios demonstrate that the estimated key with less than 95% matching elements were unable to recover the data where the achieved averaged structural similarity (SSIM) of 0.25 before 95% encoder similarity and 0.85 SSIM at 100% encoder similarity demonstrates the high-sensitivity of the proposed optical encryption technique.
Highlights
Compressive coded rotating mirror (CCRM) camera is a novel high-speed imaging system that operates under amplitude optical encoding and frame sweeping modalities in a passive imaging mode that is capable of reconstructing 1400 frames from a single shot image acquisition and achieves the highest compression ratio of 368 compared to the other compressive sensing (CS) based single-shot imaging modalities
These types of image encryption techniques only apply the optical encryption on the original data where the compression is an extra step that is commonly applied on the data after they have been stored on a memory unit requiring high storage and transmission capacities, similar to those methods in the digital domain
We demonstrated the encryption and compression properties of the CCRM camera where it has shown to be a formidable imaging system for applications that demand highly encrypted and compressed data acquisition at high frame rates in a compact design and easy-to-use operation
Summary
The optically encoded image is focused on the mirror rotating at R (rps) by a high speed motor and reflected towards a 2 dimensional (2D) detector (such as Complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) or charge-coupled device (CCD)). The rotation of this mirror sweeps the individual frames across the surface of the detector module based on their time of arrival and overlaps them (optical compression) during a single exposure that creates a single pixel shift in-between the adjacent frames (noted as 2). The linear operation of frame shifting and overlapping (represented by operator T) results in the compression and encryption of the data in CCRM camera[4]
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