Video Capsule Endoscopy In Comparison To Radiological Examination In Detection Of Small Bowel Lesions

Abstract

Abstract BACKGROUND Small bowel obscured its lesions as secrets which were difficult to diagnose before video capsule endoscopy as a new modality for investigation. Aim of the study Evaluation of video capsule endoscopy in comparison to radiological examination in detection of small bowel lesions. Patients and methods Fifty patients were recruited from Kafrawy Video Capsule Endoscopy Unit of Internal Medicine Department and endoscopy unit of Ain Shams University Hospital. The study included patients with occult or overt GIT bleeding, patients with unexplained microcytic iron deficiency anemia, patients with chronic diarrhea and abdominal pain, with normal upper GI endoscopy and colonoscopy. Exclusion of any patient younger than 18 years old, has intestinal stricture, achalasia, or dysphagia. All patients were studied biochemically with CBC and radiological by CT pelvis and abdomen with IV and oral positive contrast some of them were radiologically examined with CTE or CT mesenteric angiography. All patients were endoscopically examined by OGD, colonoscopy, VCE, and some of them were examined also with enteroscope. Results The study revealed that the detection rate of SB lesions with VCE was 84%. In the current study, (44%) of cases had AVMs, (72.73) % of them were above the age of forty five, and (27.27) % were below the age of forty five. All patients who were investigated with CT mesenteric angiography revealed negative results. In this study (20) % of patients had SB masses and polyps, (70) % of them were at age of forty five or more and only (30) % of them were below the age of forty five. All patients underwent CT pelvis and abdomen with IV and oral positive contrast, and we found that all patients had a negative results regarding the SB lesions. In comparison between CTE and VCE in detection of SB vascular lesions CTE did not detect SB vacular lesions. On the other hand, VCE detected the AVMs in the cases with negative CTE results. In this study one patient (2)% was diagnosed with hookworm infection. All patient underwent for OGD. We found that (20)% of patients had a significant gastric or duodenal lesions (proximal to the papilla) by VCE but missed by upper GI endoscopy. In our study the concomitant of VCE and enteroscope increase the detection of SB vascular lesions than isolated use of VCE only. Conclusion VCE has a high detection rate of SB lesions (84)%. CTE has a low significance in detection of SB vascular lesions and CT mesenteric angiography sensitivity relatively low. AVMs more common with increasing the age. PHE and SB ectopic varicies, were found to be common causes of GIT bleeding in CLD patient. There is a significant rate of missed gastric and duodenal (proximal to the papilla) lesions that the cause of GIT bleeding and unexplained iron deficiency anemia in OGD examination that were detected by VCE.