Victimological portrait of a victim of domestic violence

Abstract

In the context of the global pandemic, the number of cases of domestic violence is gradually increasing, which certainly requires special attention from society and the state and possible ways to minimize such cases. Given that the victim of violence will always need protection, it is necessary to understand the possible victimological portrait of the potential victim.
 The aim of the article is a comprehensive analysis of the victimological portrait of the victim of domestic violence.
 Methods of problem analysis. A set of general scientific (analysis, synthesis, experiment) and special legal (comparative legal, synergetic) methods was used in the study of the subject of the scientific article.
 Results of the research. The study found that the increase in domestic violence in recent years has been directly correlated, including with the global Covid-19 pandemic. Therefore, it should be noted that in solving the problem of domestic violence, despite its sufficient degree of research, there are still no common theoretical and methodological approaches. It is determined that the victim of a criminal offense is a natural person who, as a result of or under the condition of his relationship with the offender, directly or indirectly caused physical, moral or property damage. The defining feature of a victim who has been harmed as a result of or in a relationship with a criminal will be the existence between them of the relationship that led to its victimization. It is argued that the main components of the so-called subsystems of criminological characteristics of a person who is a victim of violence should include the following: 1) socio-demographic qualities (gender, age, education, marital status, social ties); 2) moral and psychological characteristics that reflect a person’s perception of social values and social functions that he performs. It is concluded that the personality of a victim of criminal violence is charac- terized by a set of fairly stable typical socio-demographic and moral-psychological traits, which in interaction with external factors cause an increased opportunity for an individual to become a victim of criminal-violent behavior. signs of a criminal. Moreover, the analysis of the relationship between the offender and the victim allowed us to establish the main areas of prevention of violent crimes, and by complementing the study with information about the behavior of the victim, we identified the main victim behavior of a victim of violence.
 Scientific novelty. The article provides a comprehensive description of the victimological portrait of the victim of violence, taking into account the latest legislative changes. The need to pay more attention to the psycho-emotional state of a potential victim of a violent offense is argued.
 Practical significance. The results of this analysis can be used for further research in criminology, in particular the victimological characteristics of the victim of a potential violent offense.