Abstract
The behavioural response of the neonate to stimuli is an essential part of neurological examination in the newborn infant in order to measure the integrity and function of the central nervous system. Different sensory channels, such as auditory, vibrotactile or olfactory, have been used to elicit a response. With use of real-time ultrasound, Nijhuis et al. observed that human fetuses of 36 weeks gestation had developed behavioural states (1F–4F) that were, in their organization, fully comparable to the states originally described by Prechtl et al. in neonates. Three variables are used to identify human fetal behavioural states: fetal heart rate (FHR) pattern (A-D), fetal eye movements and fetal body movements.
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