Vibroacoustic Habitability of Space Stations

Abstract

To insure efficient utilization of the system, space station design and operations will require special habitability considerations for the occupants and crew because of the relatively long duration missions. Of particular concern is the environment in which the personnel will live and work, and how it affects both the performance and comfort of the occupants. The vibroacoustic aspect of that environment is the subject of this forum session. Although noise and vibration exposure criteria have been developed for earth-based work and living situations, several factors make the application of these criteria questionable in the context of space station design and operation. The interior noise and vibration environment of a space station is different in level and frequency than a comparable earth-based system. Complicating factors associated with reduced gravity, long duration and confinement are not included in existing criteria. In applying the criteria to space system designs, these factors either have been neglected or considered unimportant. The need for improved habitability is evidenced by physical and subjective assessments of previous missions. Astronauts have reported sleep interference, communication interference, distraction, and general annoyance as noise related complaints. The goal of the discussion is to establish, as Human Factors Specialists, where we are; what we should consider; and what the problems are as well as possible approaches and solutions. In other words, the aim is to stimulate thinking about space station vibroacoustic habitability that could ultimately lead to new research and technology in this area. Effects of the vibroacoustic environment on performance, hearing, communication, sleep, health, and annoyance will be discussed, as well as the results of interactions between the vibroacoustic environment and duration, weightlessness, and confinement.