Abstract
Among vibrios – the curved Gram-negative γ-proteobacteria – Vibrio cholerae is the etiological agent of cholera, the acute diarrheal disease that remains the global public health threat affecting most of the developing world with inadequate sanitation and poor access to safe drinking water. Vibrio cholerae O1 and O139 are toxigenic, causing cholera outbreaks, epidemics, and pandemics. The emergence of new pathogenic variants has been associated with new CTX ϕ rearrangements. Electrolyte and fluid replacement includes the mainstay of disease therapy; however, antibiotics are useful in cases of severe dehydration, and vaccination along with the supply of safe drinking water can prevent cholera effectively.
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