Abstract
To assess the viability of discarded and buried vaccine strains, we examined vaccines that had been buried for >20 years in an industrial waste dump in the city of Milan, Italy. Viability results showed potential biological risk associated with uncontrolled burial of pharmaceutical industry waste, including some live vaccines.
Highlights
To assess the viability of discarded and buried vaccine strains, we examined vaccines that had been buried for >20 years in an industrial waste dump in the city of Milan, Italy
The viability evaluations were performed by inoculation of the vial contents onto a confluent monolayer of Vero cells (African green monkey kidney), followed by observation of the cell culture for 7 days and assessment of any cytopathic effect [1]
Eggs were subsequently chilled to 4°C, and the allantoic fluid was tested for hemagglutination (HA) activity to confirm the presence of viral replicaion [2]
Summary
To assess the viability of discarded and buried vaccine strains, we examined vaccines that had been buried for >20 years in an industrial waste dump in the city of Milan, Italy. Four vaccine types against ND (2 in liquid and 2 in lyophilized form) were unearthed from the dump. These lyophilized strains, During most of the 20th century, biopharmacologic products, including vaccines, prophylactic serum, blood flasks, and animal-origin waste, were buried
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