Abstract
Post-consumer polymers require viable actions to transfer value to the final consumer to reduce environmental impact. Worldwide, initiatives are being developed to promote the culture of recycling and thus reduce waste generation. These initiatives seek to make the work of thousands of people visible, encourage job creation, and promote businesses through incentive schemes for effective separation, collection, classification, reuse, and recycling, in the hands of consumers, collectors, and scavenges. It is necessary to emphasize that Mexico needs to develop techniques to increase the productivity of collection centers for recyclable materials and to face the challenges that recycling implies. For these reasons, the Mexican government has spoken of waste management as a national priority due to the COVID-19 pandemic, which increased urban solid waste between 3.3 % and 16.5 % in addition to what was generated under normal conditions. Also, the recycling chain provides economic income to more than 35 thousand Mexicans. Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is an example of the most notable circular economy in Mexico because 60 % of PET bottles are recycled. Therefore, this article addresses the methods and systems in the management of urban solid waste. It focuses on post-consumer recycled plastic bottles to provide an overview of cost-effective strategies for designing and developing an affordable sorting system in Mexico from the academic field. In addition, to simplify the solution that we propose, it is recommended to combine optical techniques such as infrared spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy with others methods that work together, such as computer vision, to develop affordable systems that address the limitations of mechanical systems.
Highlights
The viable disposal of post-consumer polymers can be defined for this paper as the political, economic, social, and technological actions necessary to control and supply the demands of the different industries that require the use of recyclable polymers
Another example is the handling of plastic waste in incineration, and landfills woven from Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fiber enter the biosphere carbon dioxide (Chu et al, 2021)
The municipalities in Mexico are in charge of the functions of integral management of urban solid waste, see Table 1, which consists of the collection, transfer, treatment, and final disposal
Summary
The viable disposal of post-consumer polymers can be defined for this paper as the political, economic, social, and technological actions necessary to control and supply the demands of the different industries that require the use of recyclable polymers. Many benefits have been derived from the industrialization of recyclable materials, such as the generation of jobs and the reduction of energy to process them They have brought unwanted consequences such as creating new plastic products that are increasingly difficult to classify. The correct classification of recovered resins can maintain properties very similar to virgin resins, so there are various applications in which developers can manipulate them for quality products It is worth examining available technologies and trends for producing post-consumer resins, as well as plastics identification tools and plastics separation processes. 300 million metric tons of plastic are produced worldwide, and depending on the country, it is estimated that between 9 and 10% are recycled, 10% are burned, and 80% are discarded, or not given a second use (Lundell and Thomas, 2020). Most electronic waste is mixed with metals that have a high value for the recycling industry (Qu et al, 2006)
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