Abstract
ABSTRACT The objective of this work was to study the behavior of cupuassu trees intercropped with African mahogany in order to define the viability of using these species in AFS and to evaluate the performance of African mahogany itself, aiming its application in reforestation projects. Both species were tested in the municipality of Tomé Açu - PA, between 2005 and 2016. In addition to these two species, banana and black pepper were also part of the AFS initially. Four levels of influence of mahogany on cupuassu trees were evaluated, defined by the proximity between plants. The vegetative development of both species was measured, as well as the production of eight harvests and the mortality rate of the cupuassu trees. The results showed that the competition exerted by African mahogany did not affect the vegetative development of cupuassu trees. In the productive phase, up to the fourth harvest, the competition was not harmful as it didn’t reduce production. However, from the fifth harvest on, cupuassu trees closest to African mahogany trees showed a significant reduction in fruit production and, from the sixth harvest on, all plants were affected, regardless of proximity. On the other hand, consistent vegetative development of African mahogany was observed, which allows its use in silvicultural projects in this region. We concluded that African mahogany had a negative influence on cupuassu trees. Further studies are needed to assess whether the development of African mahogany economically compensates for the decline in cupuassu production.
Highlights
In agroforestry systems -Agroforestry System (AFS), as in any agricultural crop, cost and benefit factors should always be taken into account, since AFSs have both biological and economic advantages and disadvantages (Macdicken and Vergara, 1990).In the Amazonian biome, where there is combination of intense rains and soils with low organic matter and natural fertility, priority should be given to agricultural crops that protect the soil and recycle nutrients
The objective of this work was to study the behavior of cupuassu trees intercropped with African mahogany in order to define the viability of using these species in AFS and to evaluate the performance of African mahogany itself, aiming its application in reforestation projects
The results showed that the competition exerted by African mahogany did not affect the vegetative development of cupuassu trees
Summary
In the Amazonian biome, where there is combination of intense rains and soils with low organic matter and natural fertility, priority should be given to agricultural crops that protect the soil and recycle nutrients. In this context, according to Alvim (1990), agroforestry systems would be the best alternative for the use of Amazonian soils, as long as its components have agronomic, economic and ecological values to guarantee environmental sustainability. With consequent increase in productivity is among the advantages of using AFSs in the Amazon region. From the 1980's on, perennial fruit trees such as cupuassu tree Spreng.) Schum), yellow mombin (Spondias mombin L.), acaí (Euterpe oleraceae Mart.), acerola (Malpighia emarginata DC.), orange (Citrus x sinensis Macfad.), among others, gained prominence, which enabled production diversification that, together with agroforestry systems, increased the local economy (Bolfe and Batistella, 2011)
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