Viability and virulence of blastospores ofMetarhizium anisopliae(Metch.) Sorokin after storage in various liquids at different temperatures

Abstract

Blastospores of three strains of Metarhizium anisopliae were stored in 18 liquids at 4°C, 20°C and 35°C for 18 weeks, 12 weeks or 9 days respectively. Viability was quantified by determination of their germination. In bioassays the virulence of stored blastospores was studied using adults and third instars of Locusta migratoria migratorioides (R. & F.) and compared to those of freshly produced blastospores and conidia. Generally, there was great variability in the viability of blastospores, depending on the fungal strain and the liquids used. Blastospores survived best at 4°C in 10% hydroxyethyl starch; for example, germination of M. anisopliae strain 97 still amounted to more than 80% after storage for 18 weeks. Other suitable liquids were deionized water, 25% Ringer's solution and 1% sodium alginate. The viability of blastospores stored at 20°C was considerably shorter than at 4°C. During storage for 12 weeks at 20°C the best protective liquids for M. anisopliae strain 97 were 25% Ringer's solution (43% germination), deionized water (23%) and 10% hydroxyethyl starch (23%). At 35°C, 45% of M. anisopliae strain 97 blastospores still germinated after storage for 7 days in 25% glycerol. The bioassays revealed that the virulence of blastospores after storage was comparable to that of fresh ones and even better than that of fresh conidia. In general, the LT50 was about 4–6 days at an alternating day/night temperature of 28/20°C.