Abstract
Twenty sheep were placed in a completely randomized block design and submitted to one of five treatments testing castor cake as a ration ingredient (untreated castor cake, treated with limestone, with urea, with mono-dicalcium phosphate and autoclaved) to evaluate their performance and the economic output. The roughage consisted of tifton-85 bermudagrass hay. The market prices of the rations ingredients, body weight (BW) and the carcass weight were considered to identify the minimum conditions for the enterprise to become economically feasible. After obtaining the ration cost and the dry matter intake, the technical, zootechnical and economic indexes were analyzed using the Excel ® program. The daily production (kg of BW or kg of carcass) was higher for sheep eating rations with autoclaved castor cake and treated with mono-dicalcium phosphate, showing the highest production system turnover and providing the highest number of finished animals on a yearly basis. These production systems showed the highest gross income. The animal purchase and feeding were the most representative items on BW production expenses, representing 44.8 and 43.3%/year on average, respectively. Adopting R$ 4.70/kg BW and R$ 13.40/kg carcass as sell prices, the production system containing castor cake treated with mono-dicalcium phosphate showed the best economic output, with a 1.07 benefit/cost, a R$ 73,117.34 liquid present value (LPV), 54% internal return rate (IRR) and a R$ 4.32 BW total cost. On the other hand, the production system using non-treated cake as the ingredient showed a 1.00 benefit/cost, R$ 1,772.62 LPV, 8% IRR and R$ 4.63/kg BW total cost, without any evidence of animal toxicity. It can be concluded that mono-dicalcium phosphate-treated castor cake is a promising ingredient to be used in sheep rations.
Highlights
MATERIAL E MÉTODOSO experimento foi conduzido em Fortaleza, Ceará, Brasil, situada na zona litorânea a 15,49 m de altitude, 3o43’02” de latitude sul e 38o32’35” de longitude oeste, durante o período compreendido de março a agosto de 2009
Twenty sheep were placed in a completely randomized block design and submitted to one of five treatments testing castor cake as a ration ingredient to evaluate their performance and the economic output
The market prices of the rations ingredients, body weight (BW) and the carcass weight were considered to identify the minimum conditions for the enterprise to become economically feasible
Summary
O experimento foi conduzido em Fortaleza, Ceará, Brasil, situada na zona litorânea a 15,49 m de altitude, 3o43’02” de latitude sul e 38o32’35” de longitude oeste, durante o período compreendido de março a agosto de 2009. Os cinco tratamentos foram: torta de mamona não tratada (controle), torta de mamona tratada com calcário calcítico, torta de mamona tratada com ureia, torta de mamona tratada com fosfato monobicálcico e torta de mamona autoclavada, num delineamento em blocos ao acaso com quatro repetições (ovinos), formando dois blocos em função do sexo dos animais. O tratamento da torta de mamona (TM) foi realizado pela diluição do agente químico na água nas seguintes proporções: 60 g de calcário calcítico/500 mL água/kg TM; 60 g de fosfato monobicálcico/500 mL água/kg TM; e 10 g de ureia/500 mL água/kg TM. Durante a diluição do agente químico, foi realizada a medição do pH na solução, com auxílio de potenciômetro digital, obtendo-se: calcário calcítico, 7; ureia, 7; e fosfato monobicálcico, 4. Proporção e preço dos ingredientes em rações contendo torta de mamona submetida a métodos de destoxificação
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