Veterinary and sanitary examination of deer and horse meat obtained with the traditional slaughter method in Yakutia.

Abstract

One of the pressing issues in the Far North region is the problem of traditional slaughter of herding horses at horse farms and domestic reindeer in coral in sub-zero temperatures. To preserve meat of high sanitary quality, we have developed methodological guidelines "Rules for killing deer in corals and horses at horse farms, in the traditional way in relation to the territory of Yakutia." Yakutia has vast areas that are most often used only as agricultural land or pastures for horses, and in the tundra part as pastures for deer. At the same time, the transport and communication scheme in these territories is completely absent. Which, of course, makes it impossible or resource-costly to create a slaughter shop in the tundra or at a remote conebase. The natural-climatic and regional features of horse breeding and reindeer husbandry in the Far North create certain difficulties in organizing slaughter shops for herd horses at horse farms and domestic reindeer in corals. The technology of slaughtering animals at slaughtering sites includes: stunning, slaughter and exsanguination of livestock, skin shooting, separation of the head, lower parts of the limbs, removal of internal organs, separation (sawing) of carcasses into half-ears or quarters, cleaning and weighing. Traditional slaughter of deer in corals and horses in conebases in Yakutia is carried out with the onset of cold weather, when a stable snow cover is formed and the ambient temperature reaches -18?S- 20?S. The purpose of our scientific research was to prove the safety of meat and slaughter products obtained by the traditional method in slaughter sites in the open air. To do this, we set the tasks of conducting a complete veterinary and sanitary study of meat obtained in the traditional way, including environmental indicators.