VETERINARY AND SANITARY AND PHYTOSANITARY CONTROL OF CITRUS FRUIT

Abstract

The modern Russian market is represented by a wide range of exotic types of plant products imported from different countries. Currently, there are more frequent cases when in fruits and vegetables there is an increased content of nitrates and toxic elements. Exotic types of plant products sold on food markets are allowed for sale only after passing veterinary and sanitary control in the State laboratories of veterinary and sanitary examination. The aim of the research was the veterinary and phytosanitary control of citrus fruits sold on the commodity market of the Chelyabinsk region. As the objects of research used fresh tangerines, oranges and pomelo, sold in the «Central Market» of Troitsk, Chelyabinsk region. It was found that only the labeling of the studied mandarin samples was complete and in accordance with the regulated requirements of the State Standard 51074–2003, Technical Regulations of the Customs Union 022/2011 and 005/2011. The organoleptic and physical characteristics of the tested samples were in accordance with the rules of the Rules for Veterinary Sanitary Expertise of Plant Food Products in the Veterinary Sanitary Expertise Laboratories of the Markets and the applicable State Standards – 4428–82, 4427–82, 34307–2017. Fresh tangerines, oranges and pomelo were safe for the content of lead, cadmium and nitrates in accordance with the norms of the Sanitary Rules and Norms 2.3.2.1078–01 and Technical Regulation of the Customs Union 021/2011. However, the amounts of lead and cadmium were more detected in the pulp, and the amount of nitrates was the same in the pulp and in the peel of citrus fruits.