Abstract
High-intensity exercise has been shown to elicit a transient suppression of appetite and create a more anorexigenic profile of appetite-associated hormones. It is yet to be fully elucidated whether such a response is observed following very low-volume, intermittent exercise at supramaximal intensity in those who are overweight. Eight overweight individuals (BMI 27.7 ± 1.7 kg·m2) completed resting (REST) and exercise (EX) trials in a counterbalanced order. EX consisted of 4 × 30 s “flat-out” cycling on an ergometer (adapted Wingate test). Two hours post-exercise (or REST), participants were presented with an ad libitum meal. Subjective appetite measures and blood samples were obtained throughout. Subjective appetite, measured using VAS, was significantly lower immediately after exercise compared with REST (38.0 ± 28.5 mm vs. 75.1 ± 26.2 mm, p = 0.018, d = 1.09). This difference remained significant 30 min post-exercise. Acylated ghrelin concentration was suppressed in EX compared with REST immediately post-exercise (113.4 ± 43.0 pg·mL−1 vs. 189.2 ± 91.8 pg·mL−1, p = 0.03, d = 1.07) and remained lower until the ad libitum test-meal. Area-under-the-curve for GLP-1 concentration was significantly greater for EX, versus REST. There was no difference in absolute ad libitum intake or relative energy intake. As little as 4 × 30 s of “flat-out” cycling was sufficient to elicit a transient suppression of appetite and an enduring suppression of plasma acylated ghrelin. Nonetheless, food intake 2-h post-exercise was unaffected.
Highlights
Acylated ghrelin concentration was suppressed in EX compared with REST
It has been repeatedly shown that high-intensity, continuous aerobic exercise elicits a transient suppression of appetite in lean, recreationally active individuals [1,2,3,4,5,6,7]
High-intensity interval exercise (HIE) and high-intensity training (HIT) have been shown to elicit physiological responses [8,9] and adaptations [10,11,12] akin to that seen with traditional, longer duration, continuous aerobic exercise
Summary
It has been repeatedly shown that high-intensity, continuous aerobic exercise elicits a transient suppression of appetite in lean, recreationally active individuals [1,2,3,4,5,6,7]. As the intensity dependency of this appetite response appears well founded, and if the response is exclusively driven by intensity and is independent of duration and energy expenditure, it may be possible to elicit a suppression of appetite with very low-volume bouts of supramaxial exercise. It is often argued that HIT is an ineffective form of exercise for inducing weight-loss in overweight and obese individuals, as the low energy
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