Very long baseline interferometry detection of nearby (<100 pc) young stars

Abstract

To increase the number of sources with very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) astrometry available for comparison with the Gaia results, we have observed 31 young stars with recently reported radio emission. These stars are all in the Gaia DR3 catalog and were suggested, on the basis of conventional interferometry observations, to be nonthermal radio emitters and are therefore good candidates for VLBI detections. The observations were carried out with the Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA) at two epochs separated by a few days and yielded ten detections (a roughly 30% detection rate). Using the astrometric Gaia results, we extrapolated the target positions to the epochs of our radio observations and compared them with the position of the radio sources. For seven objects, the optical and radio positions are coincident within five times their combined position errors. Three targets, however, have position discrepancies above eight times the position errors, indicating different emitting sources at optical and radio wavelengths. In one case, the VLBA emission is very likely associated with a known companion of the primary target. In the two other cases, we associated the VLBA emission with previously unknown companions, but further observations will be needed to confirm this.