Vertically aligned cobalt oxide nanowires on graphene networks for high-performance lithium storage

Abstract

Despite various electrochemically active materials, such as metals, metal oxides and sulfides, which have been widely utilized for lithium storage, these materials still encounter unsatisfied electrochemical performances including low reversible capacity, slow charge-discharge capability and poor cycle performance. Here, we demonstrate a simple approach to fabricate one-dimensional CoO nanowires vertically aligned on a 3D graphene network (denoted as a 3D CoO/graphene network) via a wet chemistry process. The resulting CoO/graphene network possesses an interconnected graphene network, hierarchical pores and a carpet-like structure. This unique network can (1) facilitate the easy access of the electrolyte, (2) prevent the aggregation of CoO nanowires, (3) accommodate the volume change of CoO during the cycle processes, (4) maintain a high electrical conductivity for the overall electrode and (5) give rise to a high content of CoO in the composite (∼92 wt%). As a result, the 3D CoO/graphene network can be directly used as an anode material without any binder or conductive additives for lithium storage, and it exhibits a high capacity of 857 mAh g−1, an excellent rate capability and good cycle performance. We believe that such a simple but efficient protocol will provide a new pathway for the fabrication of various 3D metal or metal oxide-graphene networks for wide applications in such fields as energy storage, sensors and catalysts.