Abstract
Oxide thin films with high ionic conductivity are crucial for sustainable energy production systems such as fuel cells that provide efficient and environmental-friendly energy. Key materials science efforts are associated with developing such oxides with high ionic conductivity. Of particular importance for developing thin film oxide materials is high performance and good stability in the operation temperature range. In this paper, vertically aligned nanocomposites (VAN) approach is reviewed. It creates vertical interfaces of two oxide materials and provides a new design paradigm to manipulate functionalities that cannot be obtained in individual constituents. Two major examples corresponding to ionic conducting oxide thin films in the VAN form presented are: (1) vertically aligned electrolyte/electrolyte nanocomposites with superior vertical ionic conductivity, and (2) vertically aligned electrode/electrolyte nanocomposites as an interlayer to increase the catalytic reaction probability. Finally, opportunities of tuning functionalities of such VAN systems are introduced.
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