Abstract
BackgroundInternational Health Regulations controls international travel including human movement, disease vector, and imported items to prevent the spread of dengue, especially in seaports, airports, and border crossing posts. This study aimed to determine dengue Transovarial Transmission Index (TTI) and distribution of dengue virus in the areas around Adisucipto Airport of Yogyakarta, Indonesia.MethodsThe study was a descriptive analytic study with cross sectional design, conducted by mapping the spread of the dengue virus and identifying TTI in Adisucipto Airport. A total of 145 ovitraps were installed in both perimeter and buffer areas of the airport. Positive Ovitrap Index (OI), TTI, and serotype of dengue virus were examined. The TTI was identified using immunocytochemistry immunoperoxidase streptavidin biotin complex (IISBC) method in mosquito head squash preparations.ResultsOI in the buffer area was 32 (45.1%), whereas OI in the perimeter area was 24 (32.4%). The TTI in the buffer and perimeter areas were 21 (18.3%) and 11 (18.9%), respectively. The TTI was found greater in the Aedes aegypti population compared to the Aedes albopictus population, both in the perimeter area (20% versus 16.7%) and the buffer area (20.3% versus 16.1%). Dengue virus serotype-2 (DENV-2) and dengue virus serotype-3 (DENV-3) were predominantly found in Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus.ConclusionsBuffer areas of Adisucipto Airport of Yogyakarta have higher risk as breeding sites for Aedes spp., predominantly DENV-2 and DENV-3 serotypes. High OI shows that the areas are likely to have higher risk of developing dengue outbreak.
Highlights
International Health Regulations controls international travel including human movement, disease vector, and imported items to prevent the spread of dengue, especially in seaports, airports, and border crossing posts
Study results showed an increasing trend of dengue cases per year with 522 travelers reported by The GeoSentinel Surveillance Network during the peak of dengue cases in Southeast Asia (June to September), Central Asia (October), South America (March), and The Caribbean (August, October), all of which indicate the relationship between travel and the occurrence of dengue epidemics [3]
The New Tokyo Narita International Airport Quarantine Post in Chiba Prefecture in year 2000 to 2002 had examined 233 passengers suspected of being infected with dengue virus: 1 case (4%) out of 26 cases identified in year 2000, 8 cases (12%) out of 69 cases identified in year 2001, and 22 cases (16%) out of 138 cases identified in year 2002 were confirmed as dengue infection [4]
Summary
International Health Regulations controls international travel including human movement, disease vector, and imported items to prevent the spread of dengue, especially in seaports, airports, and border crossing posts. Study results showed an increasing trend of dengue cases per year (seasonal) with 522 travelers reported by The GeoSentinel Surveillance Network during the peak of dengue cases in Southeast Asia (June to September), Central Asia (October), South America (March), and The Caribbean (August, October), all of which indicate the relationship between travel and the occurrence of dengue epidemics [3]. During 2007 to 2010, sentinel surveillance in Taiwan Airport showed that most of the dengue-infected travelers had just returned from endemic areas around the Southeast Asian region, namely Indonesia (21.0 to 35.1%), Vietnam (20.1 to 32.0%), Thailand (5.0 to 13.0%), the Philippines (9.0 to 12.3%), Cambodia (4.1 to 8.0%), Malaysia (2.0 to 4.1%), Singapore (1.1 to 3.4%), India (0 to 1.1%), and only few travelers who had just returned from South America (0 to 0.7%) [6]. In September 2013, in Germany, a traveler who had just returned from Japan was confirmed as having type 2 dengue virus infection; the German Health Authority performed strict monitoring towards travel history of the travelers in order to evaluate risk potential of travelers having dengue virus infection [7]
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