Abstract
The cervical spine is the connection between the head and postcranial skeleton, and it has several critical biological roles. Historically, this region has received less attention than other components of the vertebral column in studies of comparative primate anatomy, despite its important functional relationships. More recently, however, researchers have begun to explore these relationships by expanding taxonomic sampling, incorporating 3D morphometrics and new quantification methodologies, and examining cervical variation in the context of more refined, quantified measures of head and neck posture and locomotor behaviors. This chapter reviews what is known about the functional morphology of the primate cervical spine in relation to head stabilization and locomotor behaviors and highlights avenues of future research and hypothesis testing.
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