Abstract
In the context of bioeconomic research approaches, a cascade use of plant raw materials makes sense in many cases for waste valorization. This not only guarantees that the raw material is used as completely as possible, but also offers the possibility of using its by-products and residual flows profitably. To make such cascade uses as efficient as possible, efficient and environmentally friendly processes are needed. To exemplify the versatile method, e.g., every year 675,000 metric tons of cocoa bean shell (CBS) accrues as a waste stream in the food processing industry worldwide. A novel green process reaches very high yields of up to 100% in one extraction stage, ensures low consumption of organic solvents due to double usage of ethanol as the only organic solvent, is adaptable enough to capture all kinds of secondary metabolites from hot water extracts and ensures the usage of structural carbohydrates from precipitation. A Design of Experiments (DoE) was conducted to optimize the influence of pH value and phase ratio on the yield and purity of the integrated ethanol/water/salt aqueous-two-phase extraction (ATPS) system.
Highlights
Products based on renewable resources, such as plants, represent a growing market and the associated industry is an important supplier of versatile products
One of the main advantages is the utilization of water as a solvent instead of organic solvents, which can help to reduce the cost of goods (COGs) and global warming potential (GWP) and help to reach climate neutrality goals [12]
The salt content in the light phase can be all process for cascade utilization waste valorization in an environmentally friendly, reduced byefficient optimizing the system point
Summary
Products based on renewable resources, such as plants, represent a growing market and the associated industry is an important supplier of versatile products. In the context of bioeconomic research approaches, a cascade use of plant raw materials makes sense in many cases. This guarantees that the raw material is used as completely as possible, and offers the possibility of using its by-products and residual flows profitably. PHWE extracts consist of the whole spectrum of components in the plant material. Besides secondary metabolites, such as polyphenols and flavonoids, matrix components such as lignin, cellulose and proteins are extracted [13]
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