Abstract
Vermicomposts have higher level of available nutrients like carbon nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium, calcium and magnesium derived from the wastes. The paper has attempted to evaluate for development of efficacy vermicompost by using three varieties of earthworms. The use of earthworms in the degradation of different types of wastes is continuing from the past so many years. These wastes include industrial, agricultural of plant debris and domestic waste papers and cattle dung. In this study three varieties of earthworms used such as Eisenia fetida, Eudrilus eugeniae and Perionyx excavates in the vermicomposting of plant debris, cattle dung and waste paper. As waste paper, cattle dung and plant debris are rich in carbon while deficient in nitrogen cow dung was mixed with it to make it suitable for three earthworms. A mixture of waste paper, plant debris and c dung in the ratio of 1:1:1 was found to be the best ratio than 3(paper waste): 2(cattle dung) and 5(plant debris). In 60 days time excellent quality and quantity of compost was produced by three earthworms. Physical and biochemical parameters were analyzed during this period of 60 days. Pre decomposition of 10 days and subsequent vermicomposting of 60 days indicates the role of this species in vermibiotechnology. Increase was found in all the parameters like, Total nitrogen (%), Available phosphorus (%) and Exchangeable potassium (%) while a decrease was found in pH and C:N ratio as the timing of vermicomposting increased from 0 days to 60 days.
Highlights
The increase in population causes an increase in the quantity and type of urban and rural wastes
The first part of pre-decomposition experiment a ceramic tank of 50x45x35cm (Fig. 1) measurement was filled with a mixture (10kg) of cattle dung, plant debris and shredded paper, it was daily sprinkled with water so that it gets decomposed
Plant debris and paper waste material is characterized with high values of pH, organic carbon and cattle dung low values of organic carbons
Summary
The increase in population causes an increase in the quantity and type of urban and rural wastes. The first part of pre-decomposition experiment a ceramic tank of 50x45x35cm (Fig. 1) measurement was filled with a mixture (10kg) of cattle dung, plant debris and shredded paper, it was daily sprinkled with water so that it gets decomposed. This waste was turned up and down for proper aeration and decomposition. During the experiments of composting process the material was analysed for different physico-chemical attributes such as total Nitrogen, available Phosphorus, exchangeable Potassium and pH, by using conventional methods as well as for earthworm number, cocoon production and weight loss of organic substrate. The samples were examined at periodic intervals after 30 and 60 days of vermicomposting
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