Abstract
Fullerene-like hydrogen carbon films with a thin film grown on a NaCl substrate are usually employed to show the nanostructure of films (usually of hundred nanometers thick grown on Si substrates) under high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) tests because it is easier floated off, where dependability and reasonability has never been seriously contested. Thus, in this paper, thin and thick hydrogen carbon films have been deposited on NaCl (thin films) and Si (thick films) substrates and annealed under room temperature to 500 °C, of which nanostructures have been investigated by HRTEM, Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, to verify the dependability and reasonability of the NaCl method. The results showed heating induced graphitization but with hydrogen content nearly unchanged. HRTEM results revealed that under annealing of 200, 250, and 300 °C, the curved graphene structures gradually increase in films. However, beyond 400 °C, onions structures are present. However, both Raman and XPS spectra show us that after annealed treatment, for original films, both thin and thick films have the near sp2 bonding content and size, but with the annealing temperature increase, sp2 bonding content increases more quickly for thick FL-C:H films due to the higher internal stress compared to thin films. In one word, the NaCl method used for nanostructure detection for films might be a good choice for an easier and quicker analysis, but it is still insufficient, because the heating effect induced by plasma cannot be ignored.
Highlights
Carbon, the most fascinating of elements, props up the whole living system and drives social progress
Though as-prepared film annealed under low temperature of 200, 250, and 300 ◦ C, one can observe that curved the as-prepared film annealed under low temperature of 200, 250, and 300 °C, one can observe that structures come distinctly as well as SAED patterns
The heat treatment of the thin and thick fullerene-like hydrogen carbon (FL-C):H films deposited by the PECVD systems were investigated in this article
Summary
The most fascinating of elements, props up the whole living system and drives social progress. The findings of new carbon materials (like carbon nanotubes, fullerenes, and graphene) provide new application chance to people, which promotes the progress of science and society. Carbon-based materials are extensively explored to reduce friction, which consumes more than one third of energy that human’s use every day. Some of the carbon materials are more attractive because of their superlubricity properties (friction coefficient
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