Abstract
The European Union has an obligation to ensure that feed produced in the European Union is safe for animals and also humans by ensuring food of animal origin is safe and wholesome. An increasing demand for safe, wholesome and nutritious animal products has led to the search for alternative substances in animal feed. Fermented feed has gained a lot of popularity in many animal diets today. They meet the demand for animal nutrition due to the formation of target substances with the desired properties. As some of them are attracting attention as potential antimicrobial agents that inhibit the growth of certain microorganisms, and the products of animal origin are controlled for the presence of residues of inhibitory (antimicrobial) substances, the aim of this work was to verify the presence of inhibitory substances in poultry meat (muscle, heart, liver, kidneys of broiler chickens) after the consumption of the feed mixture with addition of fermented feed (wheat bran fermented with the strain Umbelopsis isabellina CCF 2412) in a dose of 10 % of the total amount of the feed. The detection of residues was performed by two approved microbiological screening methods, the screening test for the detection of antibiotic residues (STAR) and the Premi®Test. Both methods detected the positive results and pre-identified the presence of residues of the inhibitory substances not only in the meat of broiler chickens but also in the investigated fermented feed. Due to the antimicrobial potential of the fermented feed and the possible presence of the false-positive results, each positive result must be confirmed by a confirmatory analysis.
Highlights
Animal production occupies a very important place in farming in the European Union (EU) and satisfactory results in terms of public and animal health depend to a large extent on the use of appropriate good quality feedingstuffs (Directive 2002/32/EC)
Due to the fact that the animal products and animal feed are carefully controlled and monitored for the presence of the residues of antimicrobial substances and their derivatives in accordance with Council Directive 96/23/EC and due to the formation of natural bioactive agents with potential antimicrobial activity in fermented cereals, the aim of this work was to verify the presence of inhibitory substances in poultry meat after the consumption of the commercial feed mixtures with addition of wheat bran fermented with the strain Umbelopsis isabellina in a dose of 10% of the total amount of the feed
Feed samples were obtained from the feed supplied to broiler chickens (medicated feed mixtures BR2 containing a polyether ionophoric antibiotic salinomycin authorised according to Commission Regulation (EC) No 167/2008 for the prevention of coccidiosis in chickens for fattening at a minimum/maximum content of active substance in complete feed 60 – 70 mg.kg-1 /1/ and unmedicated feed mixture BR3 /1/ both commercially produced by De Heus a.s., Czech Republic, and fermented feed /wheat bran fermented with the fungal strain Umbelopsis isabellina CCF 2412 produced according to Čertík et al (2013b).The strain Umbelopsis isabellina CCF 2412 was obtained from Culture Collection of Fungi (Charles University, Czech Republic)
Summary
Animal production occupies a very important place in farming in the European Union (EU) and satisfactory results in terms of public and animal health depend to a large extent on the use of appropriate good quality feedingstuffs (Directive 2002/32/EC). Feed shall not be placed on the market or fed to any food-producing animal if it has an adverse effect on human or animal health and makes the food derived from food-producing animals unsafe for human consumption (Regulation (EC) No 178/2002). Action by the EU relating to public and animal health are based on the precautionary principle. One of these actions is to ban the use of antibiotics as growth promoters in food-producing animals according to Regulation (EC) No 1831/2003 with effect from 1 January 2006. This ban has opened up a space for the development of alternative substances and alternative feeding methods to decrease animal diseases and increase the production of safe, wholesome and nutritious animal products intended for human consumption. The subject of active search for alternatives have become probiotics, prebiotics, organic acids, minerals, enzymes, herbs (plant extracts), propolis extract, phytogenic feed additives, aromatic phenolic components, or fermented feed (Niba et al, 2009; Bobko et al 2016; Haščík et al 2016)
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