Vereinfachte Modelle zur Schweißverzugsberechnung

Abstract

Joining by means of welding has a vital importance in many sectors of industry. However, the uneven heating of the welded structure results in unwanted distortions, which has to be removed by cost-intensive after treatments. Knowing the welding distortions in an early stage of the product development cycle enables taking countermeasures or define after treatments, already in the product planning. The aim of this research study is the development and implementation of an analytic numerical hybrid model for the distortion calculation of large welded structures. The basis of the hybrid model is the analytical shrinkage force model, which is upgraded for modern welding processes and new materials. By means of experimental as well as numerical investigations, the instability of thin walled structures during welding is reviewed and a possibility for capturing is proposed. The linking of the analytical and the numerical method opens up the possibility for calculating the distortions caused by curved trajectories. To simplify the application of the hybrid model, a software will be programmed, including the complex mathematical approach of the shrinkage force model. It determines the mechanical loads, depending on the geometry of the welded structure, material data and weld parameters. The verification of the program as well as the coupling procedure is done on butt joints. The same welded structures are used for the investigation of the stability and the sensibility of the hybrid model afterwards. Finally the hybrid model will be applied to welded structures of different complexity and the results will be compared with experimental measurements. At the beginning butt and T-joints are determined, followed by the distortion calculation of a evaluation model made up of 8 welds. At the end an entire section of a ship deck, whereupon different elements are assembled by about 90 welds on a 20x16 meter large ground plate, is estimated.