Abstract
Medicinal plants contain numerous bioactive molecules that synergistically provide therapeutic benefits. We have devoted our attention to various EOs without toxicity to normal cells, studying their activities against human cancer cells. In particular, we have studied the cytotoxicity of Vepris macrophylla (Baker) I. Verd. EO. V. macrophylla is an evergreen tree of Madagascar where is much appreciated as a source of traditional remedies. Its major volatile components are citral, i.e., a mixture of neral and geranial, citronellol and myrcene. The antiproliferative activities of V. macrophylla EO were studied against human breast adenocarcinoma cell line SKBR3. Cellular metabolism was analyzed by MTT assay at different concentrations of EO and at different times of incubation (24, 48 and 72 h). Moreover, morphological and ultrastructural analyses were performed to study its antiproliferative effects against human adenocarcinoma cells, demonstrating the ability of V. macrophylla EO, stored inside numerous intracellular vesicles, to damage both plasma membranes and disorganize the cytoskeleton protein as actin filaments.
Highlights
Breast cancer is a major public health problem, representing the highest incidence rate of death for women [1,2]
Numerous in vitro studies have demonstrated that aloe-emodin is able to reduce the viability and proliferation of different human cancer cell lines, inducing apoptotic cell death and inhibiting adhesion and the migration process [5,6]
The results showed that V. macrophylla Essential oils (EOs) was able to reduce cell proliferation below
Summary
Breast cancer is a major public health problem, representing the highest incidence rate of death for women [1,2]. Numerous in vitro studies have demonstrated that aloe-emodin is able to reduce the viability and proliferation of different human cancer cell lines, inducing apoptotic cell death and inhibiting adhesion and the migration process [5,6]. Another compound is curcumin, the active ingredient of turmeric, which is a polyphenolic compound with a broad range of medicinal properties, such as antibreast-cancer activity. A natural stilbene and nonflavonoid polyphenol, resveratrol is present in grapes, peanuts and red wine This natural product possesses anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, cardioprotective and anticancer properties [7]. Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) extract can increase the activity of the anti-breast-cancer agents tamoxifen, trastuzumab, and paclitaxel [9]
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