Ventriculosubgaleal shunt: a treatment option for progressive posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus.

Abstract

Among premature infants born at less than 1500 g, the incidence of intraventricular hemorrhage is greater than 45%. Of these, 40% will develop progressive posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus (PPHH). Optimum treatment remains controversial. Ventriculosubgaleal (VSG) shunts were first proposed as a means of temporarily diverting cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in a more physiological manner for those infants less than 1500 g in weight who would not tolerate a ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt. The VSG shunt could then be converted into a VP shunt when the infant had gained the desired weight. Despite favourable reports, the procedure has not gained universal acceptance and is unknown to many neurosurgeons. The present authors report a series of 15 patients who had VSG shunts inserted with excellent temporary CSF diversion and no complications. Furthermore, 3 out of the 15 patients required no further treatment. We suggest that VSG shunting is a safe and effective means of treating the premature infant with PPHH.