VENTILATORY AND PULMONARY CHANGES DURING THE 6-MINUTES WALK TEST IN PATIENTS WITH SEQUELAE OF PULMONARY TB

Abstract

TOPIC: Pulmonary Rehabilitation TYPE: Original Investigations PURPOSE: Pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) is a chronic bacterial infection that deteriorates the aerobic capacity and quality of life of patients, its sequelae can cause physiological and musculoskeletal changes that, if not treated, generate irreversible damage. The aim was to describe the physiological changes of some ventilatory and cardiovascular variables during the 6-minute walk test (6MWT) in patients with sequelae of TB and to determine the possible correlations of the physiological variables with the 6MWT distance. METHODS: Descriptive cross-sectional study in 21 patients with sequelae of pulmonary TB who performed the 6MWT. Sociodemographic, clinical and physiological variables were taken in 4 moments of the test: Rest, final, minute 1 and minute 5 at the end of the test. This study was approved by the ethics committee of Clinica de Occidente in Cali - Colombia RESULTS: The average age of the participants was 49.3 ± 18.8, the mean distance in the test was 348.35 ± 127.83 meters. Patients with sequelae evidenced in chest X-ray were included, 5 (28%) patients presented hypoxemia that required home oxygen, the mean forced vital capacity was 64.65 ± 10.07%, and dyspnea evaluated with the mMRC scale it was 2.86 ± 1.28. A statistically significant difference was found at four moments analyzed with a p-value of 0.000 in the variables of heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RR), and oxygen saturation with a significant reduction in SpO2 at the end of the test (from 94,55 ± 3,348 to 89,30 ± 7,109).There was a strong correlation r= 0.5 greater between distance and the age, VO2 estimated from the six-minute walk test, mMRC dyspnea, METS, and baseline SpO2. This can be associated with cardiovascular and ventilatory changes that occur according to age and levels of functionality, as well as underlying diseases or previous sequelae. As for variables such as VO2e, their calculation depends on the use of theoretical formulas, so the correlations are directly proportional; The inverse correlation with the mMRC is due to the fact that less symptomatic individuals can perform better during the 6MT. CONCLUSIONS: It is evidenced in variables HR, RR, SpO2 significant changes during the 6-minute walk test. Age, VO2, METS, mMRC, and SpO2 showed strong correlations with distance of the test CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: The physiological changes detected in the test can serve as a point of reference when making decisions for the prescription of exercise and the evaluation of changes after training. DISCLOSURES: No relevant relationships by Juan Carlos Avila-Valencia, source=Web Response No relevant relationships by Vicente Benavides, source=Web Response No relevant relationships by Jhonatan Betancourt-Peña, source=Web Response No relevant relationships by Ingri Lorena Lopez Caicedo, source=Web Response No relevant relationships by Juan Molano, source=Web Response