Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia Among Saudian’s Critically Ill Patients Preventive Measures and Incidence, Systemic Review

Abstract

<i>Introduction:</i> VAP infections are associated with health risks, such as the development of sepsis, lung damage, and increased mortality rates. The higher mortality rate among VAP patients is mainly related to risks posed by severe pathogens that may enter the respiratory tract. Applying various preventive measures reduces the risk and incidence of VAP. This study aimed to determine the incidence and effects of VAP in Saudi Arabia. The study also determined measures that can be undertaken to prevent ventilated patients from developing VAP. <i>Methods:</i> A systematic review design was used. The included studies were published after 2015 in the English language and relevant to the topic of concern. <i>Results:</i> Eleven articles were selected for inclusion in the study. The incidence of VAP in Saudi Arabia was low during the study period. Using the VAP prevention and treatment bundle led to reduced VAP infection rates among mechanically ventilated patients in the ICU. <i>Conclusion:</i> The use of the VAP prevention and treatment bundle and other strategies reduced the risk of ventilated patients developing VAP. The use of the VAP prevention bundle may have helped reduce the incidence of VAP in both hospitals, as well as their mortality rates, and may have increased the rate at which patients were transferred from the ICU.