Abstract
Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is one of the most frequent ICU-acquired infections and a leading cause of death among patients in Intensive Care Unit (ICU). VAP is associated with prolonged duration of mechanical ventilation and ICU stay. The estimated mortality of VAP is around 10%. There are many risk factors including host related, device related and personnel related. For prevention of VAP it is recommended to minimize the exposure to mechanical ventilation and encouraging early liberation. VAP bundle as a group of evidence-based practices that, results in decrease in the incidence of VAP should be used. Patients should be reassessed daily to conrm ongoing suspicion of disease, antibiotics should be guided by cultures reports, and clinicians should consider stopping antibiotics if cultures are 1 negative.
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