Abstract
While ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) remains frequent in Pediatric ICU, there is no gold standard for diagnosis. We conducted a systematic PUBMED analysis (January 1990-January 2017) searching original, full-length studies addressing only pediatric patients; for VAP diagnosis, only those comparing different diagnostic methods and for VAP prevention those implementing preventive measures. Among 367 articles, 17 and 16 were analyzed for diagnosis and prevention, respectively. For diagnosis, 13 studies used CDC criteria; whereas, 14 assessed algorithms: clinical pulmonary index score, ventilator-associated events and biomarkers. Among five randomized trials assessing preventive strategies one found a role of probiotics. Ventilator-care bundles reduced VAP rates. Absence of diagnostic gold standard impedes comparison of current approaches and preventive strategies.
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