Abstract
The solar chimney is an innovation, which has been as of now demonstrated of being able to create electrical vitality from the sun likewise it has been introduced in different structures for ventilation, and next to no is thought about their genuine presentation and very panics are the application. This research work deals with the development of a physical, mathematical and computational models of roof solar chimney to rationalize the performance of ventilate in residential house. A thermal model enables to easily determine the inclination angle, absorber area, cavity width of the chimney and the air flow rate, using MATLAB. The simulation has been done for selected residential house of 264m<sup>3</sup> located at Bahir Dar city, Ethiopia @ 11° latitude and 37° longitude. At comfort air speed (2m/s), a south faced system being tilted at an angle of 45° will have absorber length, the absorber height and cavity width about 3m, 4.24m, and 0.5m respectively. This will enable the residential house to circulate the air 560kg per hour. The maximum air temperature obtained at chimney outlet is 44.5°C. For a month of April an average solar intensity value is 900 W/m<sup>2</sup>. The main factor to induce buoyancy is solar insolation since it directly influences the air temperature, and the efficiency is about 44.4%.
Highlights
Nowadays people spent most of their time on working and living in buildings, ventilation is very important to maintain the indoor environment in a good air quality and temperature
The simulation was employed to optimize the parameters of solar chimney length (L), cavity width (W) and height (Ha), to calculate temperature of glass, absorber wall and cavity air temperature, mass flow rate or ventilation rate and to predict instantaneous thermal performance according to actual Bahir Dar weather data and taking reference values for solar chimney from proposed villa house as length 1 up to 8m, cavity width 0.1 up to 0.5m and height is 4.24m
To improve the efficiency of the system, the temperature difference between the air inside the solar chimney cavity with the surrounding must be high and this comes from the solar radiation energy which heated up the absorber wall results to rise the temperature of the air
Summary
Nowadays people spent most of their time on working and living in buildings, ventilation is very important to maintain the indoor environment in a good air quality and temperature. In order to achieve this, solar chimney is cleaver device and has been employed in a building using sustainable energy source (Sun) to heat up the air temperature. In their study presented the study of Experiment and CFD simulation and conclude how solar chimney is suitable to achieve natural ventilation with good performance [8], studied mathematical and numerical modeling airflow model of the solar chimney in the cooling tube and solar chimney system has been developed. [11], Modeling natural convection in a heated vertical channel for room ventilation, Building and Environment studied using experimental and mathematical modeling, results that buoyant airflow within the chimney is possible and the variation of air temperature elevation with insolation is minimal while the chimney gives better performance where lower values of solar radiation.
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