具自體通風效果太陽光電建築構造（Ventilated BIPV）之通風與節能效益分析

Abstract

Due to dramatic changes in global climate, lack of energy resources has become one of the most pressing issues. As the major establishment in the global environment, buildings consume relatively more energy resources. If natural ways are applied in the beginning of architectural design to achieve the purpose of saving energy, it will contribute significantly to the sustainable environment of Earth. By integrating the building structure, heat flow technology and solar photovoltaic system, this study aims to combine solar photovoltaic system into building materials, in order to design a Ventilated BIPV structure of “self environmental control”. The design can take away the heat produced by solar photovoltaic panels via natural force and “Double Skin” method, while induce indoor ventilation and achieve the cooling effect. The research purposes are: (1) to understand issues related to the design of integrating PV photovoltaic system with building structure, develop proper Ventilated BIPV units to achieve optimal performance; (2) by heat flow experiments and CFD numerical simulation construction, to explore the feasibility of BIPV in CFD simulation and understand its heat flow behavior and heat radiation effects; (3) to discuss the impact of BIPV exterior wall passage width and indoor vent height on self heat radiation and indoor heat gain to provide a reference to follow-up designs; (4) to explore the ventilation and energy saving efficiency of Ventilated BIPV environmental control structure under natural ventilation conditions of different wind speeds (0.5m/s , 1.0m/s, 2.0m/s). Results suggested that, for BIPV exterior walls, the wind speed of flow field at the flow entrance is faster if the flow channel is narrower and slower at the indoor vent, resulting in expanding flow field inside the flow channel. With regard to the wind speed and temperature inside the BIPV structure, the temperature decreases along with distance from the highest temperature at 54.9℃ to the lowest temperature around 31.9℃. As for heat removal efficiency, the heat transfer of BIPV declines, in an average, by 65~73.6% as compared with RC structure, and by 38.8~53.9% as compared with steel structure to save about 4~11 KWH per day and about 70~200kg CO2 emission per month. In terms of heat exchange efficiency, the impact of flow channel width in case of low wind speed on number of heat exchange is not significant, and the average ACH is about 2.2~2.7. The number of heat exchange increases along with the increasing flow width in case of high wind speed, and the average ACH is about 3.5~5.4 and 9.8~10.9.