Venous thromboembolism events in patients with advanced cancer on immune checkpoint inhibitors.

Abstract

Aim: To evaluate the correlation between venous thromboembolism events (VTEs) and immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-based regimens. Methods: This is a retrospective study of 403 patients withadvanced cancer on ICI-based regimens. Results: We report8% VTE incidence post-ICI initiation over a median of11.1months offollow-up. Compared withsingle-agent ICI, dual-ICI was significantly correlated with higher incidence ofVTE (odds ratio [OR]: 4.196, 95% CI: 1.527-11.529, p=0.005), but chemotherapy-immuno-oncologycombination was not(OR: 1.374, 95% CI: 0.285-6.632, p=0.693). Subsequent systemic therapy post-ICI was also independently associated with higher VTE incidence (OR: 2.599, 95% CI: 1.169-5.777, p=0.019). Conclusion: Our findings suggest potential underreporting ofVTE incidence in ICI clinical trials. As dual-ICI is becoming more prevalent in cancer management, clinicians should maintain vigilance regarding VTE in patients with advanced cancer on ICI-based regimens.