Abstract
In this paper, we investigate avalanches during the fully developed stage of the discharge in a quasi-two-dimensional wedge-shaped hopper. The velocity profiles of the avalanches are measured by employing a high-speed camera. The velocity profiles vary along the flow, but remain invariant in shape and follow a pure parabolic decrease from the surface. The velocity profiles can be expressed by two parameters of surface velocity and flowing layer thickness. These two parameters increase along the flow, and are both functions of the descending height. Therefore, the velocity profile can be predicted with the descending height. Moreover, a shear-thinning viscosity model is deduced to account for the granular flow behaviour.
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