Abstract
This article deals with numerical simulation focused on velocity profiles in idealized model of human upper airways during steady inspiration. Three r gimes of breathing were investigated: Resting condition, Deep breathing and Light activity which correspond to most common regimes used for experiments and simulations. Calculation was validated with experimental data given by Phase Doppler Anemometry performed on the model with same geometry. This comparison was made in multiple points which form one cross-section in trachea near first bifurcation of bronchial tree. Development of velocity profile in trachea during steady inspiration was discussed with respect for common phenomenon formed in trachea and for future research of transport of aerosol particles in human respiratory tract.
Highlights
Breathing is phenomenon necessary for every mammal on planet Earth
Calculation was validated with experimental data given by Phase Doppler Anemometry performed on the model with same geometry
This article deals with study of steady inspiration, where air flows from mouth nozzle through mouth cavity to larynx and leads to trachea and bronchial tree and its aimed primary to area around trachea, where every inhaled air passes through
Summary
Breathing is phenomenon necessary for every mammal on planet Earth. During the breathing cycle there is a transfer of vital gases between environment and bloodstream. During the inspiration we can observe many phenomenons in tracheobronchial region, which plays significant role with assessing of transport and deposition of particles in human respiratory tract. Airflow in the trachea itself is further affected on its tail formed by bifurcation, where bronchial tree is divided to left and right part of lungs Influence of this bifurcation on the shape of velocity profile was studied by Freitas and Schröder [3] and influence of shape of the bifurcation was investigated by Martonen [4], who made an analysis on four kinds of bifurcation and prove the affect of carinal ridge on airflow fields in following generation of branching of bronchial tree. Comparison of calculations and experimental data was made for most commonly used breathing cycles [6]
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