Velocity Aware Multipath Distance Vector Routing Protocol for High Mobility over Vehicular Ad-Hoc Networks

Abstract

The conventional routing protocols developed for Mobile ad-hoc network (MANET) show low performance result when they are adapted in Vehicular Ad-hoc Network (VANET) which has more unstable channel features such as short communication time, low packet delivery ratio, frequent link breakage, and rapidly changed topology caused by high mobility. Therefore, applications on VANET environment require a specific routing protocol to maintain stable communication between vehicles. Previous VANET routing protocols have been mainly designed by using vehicle position and/or digital map information which require installations of related devices onto all vehicles on the road. In this paper, we introduce a new routing protocol supporting high mobility over VANET without using additional physical installations on the vehicles, which is using hopcounts and relative velocity between vehicles to find the best routing transmission path. We can notice that digital vehicle velocity can be easily obtained from vehicles on the road nowadays. By exchanging vehicles' relative velocities, the more stable and reliable paths are searched as compared to traditional MANET protocols using only hop count information at the time of routing path set-up. To evaluate proposed routing protocol, we compared original ad hoc on-demand multipath distance vector (AOMDV) with proposed routing protocol through NS2. Simulation results showed that proposed routing protocol achieves better performance from about 10% to 50% in terms of normalized routing overhead and packet delivery ratio.