Vehicle-to-Pedestrian Communication for Vulnerable Road Users: Survey, Design Considerations, and Challenges.

Parag Sewalkar,Jochen Seitz

doi:10.3390/s19020358

Abstract

In the last few years, increasing attention has been provided to research Vehicle-to-Pedestrian (V2P) communication systems. These V2P systems serve different purposes (safety or convenience) and cater to different Vulnerable Road User (VRU) groups. Also, these V2P systems employ different communication technologies, and use different mechanisms to interact with the users. An effective V2P system also needs to consider varying characteristics of different VRUs. These various elements may be considered as design parameters of the V2P system. In this paper, we discuss such elements and propose a design framework for the V2P system based on them. We also provide an extensive survey of existing V2P efforts for safety and convenience applications and their design considerations. We perform a case study that compares the different approaches of V2P safety system for different VRU groups under different pre-crash scenarios. Finally, we discuss a few technological challenges in integration of VRUs into V2X systems.

Highlights

Pedestrians, cyclists, and motorized two-wheeler operators are called Vulnerable Road Users (VRUs)
We consider two metrics to evaluate the V2P system under different pre-crash scenarios and mechanisms: Available Response Time for the vehicle and number of safety messages received by the vehicle from the VRU
V2X systems for VRU safety and convenience are expected to be deployed in coming years

Summary

Introduction

Pedestrians, cyclists, and motorized two-wheeler operators are called Vulnerable Road Users (VRUs). It shows that VRU groups have differing rates of fatalities among different countries. There have been numerous advancements to improve safety features of vehicles as part of Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS). These safety features help improve safety of vehicle-occupants as well as VRUs. Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) communication is one such safety feature that establishes communication among various entities on road for co-operative safety. By enabling V2P for VRUs, they can become active part of ITS and can enable various safety and convenience ITS applications

Results

Discussion

Conclusion