Vehicle-to-Grid Power Transfer Method for Electric Vehicles using off-board charger

Abstract

This article explores a power transfer technique from vehicle to grid (V2G) via the construction of an off-board charger for electric cars (EVs). The charger accommodates several charging modes, such as grid-to-vehicle (G2V), vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V), and vehicle-to-grid (V2G), facilitating efficient and adaptable energy management. In G2V mode, the charger utilizes grid power to recharge electric vehicle batteries, whilst V2V mode enables direct energy transfer between electric vehicles, circumventing the grid. The novel integration of G2V and V2V modes enables the concurrent use of grid electricity and energy from other electric vehicles, therefore diminishing grid reliance and enhancing power efficiency. The system has a three-phase pulse width modulation (PWM) rectifier that sustains a constant DC link voltage and attains a unity power factor on the grid side, therefore adhering to the IEEE 519 standard for total harmonic distortion (THD). Furthermore, a half-bridge bidirectional DC/DC converter guarantees consistent charging and discharging currents, hence improving the reliability and efficiency of the charging process. This holistic strategy enhances dynamic energy flow and grid stability while providing possible economic advantages to electric vehicle owners and operators via the integration of renewable energy sources and sophisticated management algorithms for improved energy use and storage.