Abstract
Road accidents can be effectively reduced by broadcasting basic safety messages (BSMs) of vehicles in Cellular V2X (C-V2X). However, with the increase of the number of C-V2X devices, the collision probability of BSMs at a fixed transmission frequency increases due to limited spectrum resources. In this paper, the transmission frequency adjustment mechanism (TFAM) based on channel busy ratio (CBR) is proposed to maintain the timeliness of BSMs. First, the CBR is estimated based on BSM transmission frequency and sensing occupancy probability considering channel fading. To quantify the performance of C-V2X communication, the performance metric freshness of information (FOI) is defined, which comprehensively trades off the reliability and latency of BSMs. Furthermore, an optimization problem is formulated to minimize FOI. We solve the optimization problem to derive the optimal transmission frequency. Simulation results show that the proposed TFAM enables vehicles to exchange BSMs with minimum FOI.
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