Abstract
In a context of decreasing resources and of climate change, lowering road vehicles consumption is a key point to meet CO2 reduction requirements. In addition to car technological advances, eco-driving is part of the solution but the road infrastructure should ensure its development. This work aims to demonstrate that road energy demand and associated pollutant emissions can be reduced by working out minor optimization of road infrastructure itself. For this to happen, a simple eco-driving potential criterion is built upon infrastructure parameters such as slopes and sight distances. This criterion aims to detect Misplaced Speed-sectioning Positions (MSP) with regard to the Starting Point of Deceleration (SPD); with speed-sectioning being the succession of speed changes along a given route. An enhanced energy waste formulation is then developed to quantify the vehicles energy waste due to misplaced road-signs. Thirdly, a traffic simulation constitutes a framework for energy evaluation; considering a full flow of vehicles, based on real traffic data, and by modeling several driver behaviors. Simulation results show that a significant fuel reduction of up to 5.5% can be achieved locally, simply by moving a road sign, for rural areas and without degrading road safety.
Highlights
1.1 Energy context According to the International Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) scenarios consistent with global warming below 1.5°C are needing a 15% reduction in transport sector final energy use by 2050 compared to 2015 [1]
5.1 Energy waste: results for a single vehicle Table 3 summarizes the experimental conditions in France and Bosnia and presents the speed-sectioning analysis results according to the Section 2 equations
We affirm that the criterion, χEASM is practical for the manager but the calculation of this criterion requires knowing the manoeuvre distance. We experimentally evaluated this one, which may be too complicated for the manager of a large road network
Summary
1.1 Energy context According to the International Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) scenarios consistent with global warming below 1.5°C are needing a 15% reduction in transport sector final energy use by 2050 compared to 2015 [1]. The road transportation impact on climate change can be lowered by: encouraging eco-driving behaviors or limiting the use of car itself (Driver part), enhancing vehicle efficiency (Vehicle part), reducing the infrastructure-linked energy demand A class of these locations is considered in this work, for which drivers apprehend a speed-sectioning change without having the necessary distance to decelerate without braking strongly, which is contrary to eco-drive, since anticipation could have lead to lower beforehand speed and energy consumption. This class of locations will be called MSP for Misplaced Speed-sectioning Point locations in the following. The SPD position, which stands for Starting Point of Deceleration, is defined by the associated position where the driver apprehends the deceleration requirement and applies an effective command to comply with it
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