Abstract
Given the importance of the thymus to the immune system and the limited knowledge about its development and involution processes, this study evaluated the expression of the vascular endo-thelial growth factor, a key angiogenic factor for the formation of vascular tissue bed and modulation of functions related to cell proliferation and migration, hormone synthesis, and immunomodulation. In this study, thymus samples of dog fetuses (30, 40, 50 and 60 days old), and young (180 days old) and adult (365 days old) dogs were submitted to real-time PCR and Western blot. Time-dependent changes were observed for proteins and genes associated with the development of the vascular system, such as VEGF-A, VEGF-C, Flt-1, KDR, FLT-4, and EG-VEGF. This result demonstrates that these system components play different roles during development and involution of the thymus. Possible functions, such as the modulatory effect on vasculogenesis and microenvironment, influence the proliferation and differentiation of thymocytes, T cells maturation, cell-cell interaction and hormone secretion.
Highlights
The thymus modulates the activity of other lymphoid organs
The vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a key angiogenic factor for the formation of vascular tissue bed and modulation of functions related to cell proliferation and migration, hormone synthesis, and immunomodulation
The VEGF-A mRNA expression in the thymus remained constant during fetal development, with a gradual and significant increase in the involution phase (Figure 1(a)), whereas the VEGF-C mRNA expression remained low during development, with no significant increase after birth (Figure 1(b))
Summary
The thymus modulates the activity of other lymphoid organs. knowing the mechanisms involved in its development, maturation, and involution is of paramount importance to understand the general activity of theHow to cite this paper: Agreste, F.R., Bombonato, P.P., Nogueira, K., Santos, A.C., Barreto-Vianna, A.R.C. and Lima, E.M.M. (2015) VEGF System in Dog’s Thymus—Temporal Expression. The thymus modulates the activity of other lymphoid organs. Knowing the mechanisms involved in its development, maturation, and involution is of paramount importance to understand the general activity of the. (2015) VEGF System in Dog’s Thymus—Temporal Expression. The vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a key angiogenic factor for the formation of vascular tissue bed and modulation of functions related to cell proliferation and migration, hormone synthesis, and immunomodulation. Knowledge of the VEGF expression in the thymus is critical to understand the intercellular interactions in the organ [2]. Autoimmune diseases, thymic tumors and persistence, and other diseases linked to impaired immune systems are some of these peculiarities, which play a very important role in understanding thymic pathophysiology and morphophysiology
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