Vegetative propagation in vitro with content analysis of ginger oil from calluses of “Jahe Gajah” (Zingiber officinale) on treatments of types of mediums and carbohydrates

Abstract

Rhizomes of “Jahe Gajah” were made to be explants in this research because of their contents of Ginger Oil were especially liked by consumers as they are not very spicy. The calluses of this research would also be developed for the propagation of the ginger “Jahe Gajah” itself. The purpose of this research was to discover the ideal type of carbohydrate to be added to the mediums MS and VW, in order to increase the biosynthesis process of Ginger Oil in the “Jahe Gajah” calluses. The methode of this research was using Complete Random Design with Factorials of two factors: Factor I : Mediums MS and VW, and Factor II : types of Carbohydrates : glucose, fructose and sucrose. So, there were 6 combinations of treatments, repeated 5 times, with 4 samples each. From those, were research the highest contents of Ginger Oil. The publications of this research were of the type of medium and carbohydrate that can increase the content of secondary metabolites of Ginger Oil. The results of this research were : [1] The highest quantity of calluses was found on the treatment of Medium MS and Glucose (C1M1); [2] The quality of calluses on Medium MS and Sucrose (C3M1) & Fructose (C2M1) were friable calluses with embryogenic characteristics, while on other treatments the calluses were compact and organogenic; [3] Embryogenic calluses are friable, and can be developed into ginger planlets; [4] The calluses of “Jahe Gajah” that were compact and organogenic (C2M2) had the highest content of Ginger Oil (Gingerol – Shogaol – Zingerone 0.184 – 0.118 – 0.982 %)