Vegetation period effect on winter bread wheat varieties productivity

Abstract

Winter wheat breeding aimed at improving productivity is one of the most difficult tasks, which is associated with this trait unusual complexity. The length of a vegetation period is an important adaptive and economically valuable property, which is closely related to productivity, grain quality, drought resistance, and diseases. To a greater extent, the productivity potential is associated with the length of individual interphase periods, each of which plays a certain role in productivity formation. The length of individual interphase periods of plant development is affected by temperature conditions and water regime. The data obtained show that during the years of study a higher productivity was formed by the varieties with a longer period ‘beginning of a spring vegetation period – a heading phase’ and ‘a heading phase – complete ripeness’. The total vegetation period for these varieties and lines was also for two-three days longer. In our trials the variety ‘Univer’ was the most productive with 9.82 t/ha with 252 days of the vegetation period. The line 1005/14 was also productive with 9.81 t/ha and 251 days of a vegetation period as well as the variety ‘Donskaya Stepp’ with 9.61 t/ha and 251 days.