Vectorial-transmission Risk Assessment of Leishmaniasis due to the Presence of Sand Flies in Northwest Morocco

Abstract

Leishmaniasis are parasitic diseases occur in tropical and subtropical areas of 98 countries, including 72 developing countries. The endemic areas are southern Europe and many countries in East Africa, South Asia and South America. The global prevalence is estimated at 12 million cases. The incidence of leishmaniasis is increasing worldwide. There are between 1.5 and 2 million new cases of leishmaniasis each year worldwide and about 40000 deaths, due to visceral leishmaniasis [1,2]. Leishmaniasis are transmitted by the bite of the hematophagous female sand fly of the genus Plebotomus (diptera psychodidae) [1].