Abstract
Strongly Interacting Massive Particles (SIMPs) have recently been proposed as light thermal dark matter relics. Here we consider an explicit realization of the SIMP mechanism in the form of vector SIMPs arising from an SU(2)X hidden gauge theory, where the accidental custodial symmetry protects the stability of the dark matter. We propose several ways of equilibrating the dark and visible sectors in this setup. In particular, we show that a light dark Higgs portal can maintain thermal equilibrium between the two sectors, as can a massive dark vector portal with its generalized Chern-Simons couplings to the vector SIMPs, all while remaining consistent with experimental constraints.
Highlights
As can be dark fermions or scalars when accompanied with a light dark photon or another scalar [26, 27]
We consider an explicit realization of the SIMP mechanism in the form of vector SIMPs arising from an SU(2)X hidden gauge theory, where the accidental custodial symmetry protects the stability of the dark matter
Equilibration between the dark and visible sectors can be achieved by elastic scattering between the dark matter and the SU(2)X dark Higgs, provided that the latter is light enough to be thermalized with the SM via the Higgs portal until freeze-out occurs
Summary
We consider as a model for non-abelian SIMP dark matter an SU(2)X gauge theory in the dark sector, broken completely due to the VEVs of a dark Higgs doublet Φ. SU(2)L × SU(2)R → SU(2)V in an SU(Nc) gauge theory This corresponds to the limit where mφ → ∞ at low energies, while resonances can play an important role at higher energies. In this case, the coupling gX is still considered perturbative. Given enough parameters in the model (gX , m2Φ, λΦ), one can most likely have the dark Higgs heavier than the vector SIMP as required (see below); such a discussion requires numerical simulations and is beyond the scope of this paper
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