Abstract
The relation between acoustic pressure and velocity associated with propagating sound from explosive sources is studied. Data originate from the 2017 Sediment Characterization Experiment where the sound source is 38 g SUS, measurement ranges are order 10 km in waters 75 m; and recent experimental studies on the effects of explosive underwater sound on fish off San Diego where the source is 4.7 kg net explosive weight, ranges are order 100 m in waters 20 m. Horizontal components of velocity are resolved into a single radial component and with the vertical component the intensity vector is derived and associated energy streamlines from simulations are presented. It is also shown how radial component of acoustic velocity is phase- locked with pressure, and nearly corresponds to it upon multiplication by the characteristic impedance; including vertical velocity for total velocity magnitude the correspondence with pressure magnitude is within calibration uncertainty. This self-evident finding concerning high-bandwidth signals is worth noting to inform the discussion on the importance of acoustic velocity to fishes. An exception for short ranges is a low-amplitude, narrow band, Scholte wave arrival that decays precipitously away from the water/sediment interface. [Research support by ONR and by the Navy LMR program.]
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