Abstract
Aim-Background Pneumothorax is defined as the accumulation of air within the pleural space. Primary spontaneous pneumothorax occurs in individuals that do not present evidence of pulmonary disease. The treatment of a first episode in general is conservative. Traditionally, intercostal drainage is considered as the procedure of choice for the treatment of moderate to large pneumothoraces. An air leak that persists for more than five days justifies a more invasive management. In the last thirty years, surgical practice has evolved from a standard thoracotomy to video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS). This paper reviews indications and current data regarding minimally invasive surgical approaches for treatment of primary spontaneous pneumothorax.
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