Vassopressin-induced bradycardia in fetal and adult sheep is not dependent on an increase in blood pressure

Abstract

Other investigators have reported that intravenous infusion of synthetic arginine vasopressin into fetal lambs increases mean arterial pressure and decreases heart rate. To determine if the bradycardia produced by arginine vasopressin is a reflex response to the increase in blood pressure, we studied the effect of arginine vasopressin infusion on heart rate with and without blocking the increase in blood pressure. We performed 34 experiments in 12 chronically cannulated fetal lambs between 103 and 137 days' gestation. All animals had normal blood gas and pH values. Infusion of arginine vasopressin increased mean arterial pressure 10.1 +/- 1.1 mm Hg and decreased heart rate 50 +/- 8 bpm. Fetal heart rate decreased similarly when arginine vasopressin was infused and the hypertensive response was blocked with nitroprusside or a selective vasoconstrictor antagonist. [1-(beta-mercapto-beta,beta-cyclopentamethylene propionic acid) 2-(O-methyl)tyrosine] arginine vasopressin. For comparison we also studied five adult nonpregnant ewes. Bradycardia was observed in the adults after infusion of arginine vasopressin alone and when the hypertensive response was blocked with the vasoconstrictor antagonist. We conclude that arginine vasopressin infusion causes a fall in heart rate independent of any increase in blood pressure in both the fetal lamb and the adult sheep.