VASP, HCLS1, MSN, and EZR: Key molecular beacons in the pathophysiology of perihematomal edema Post-Intracerebral hemorrhage

Abstract

Perihematomal edema (PHE) is one of the significant secondary cerebral damages, with the blood–brain barrier's integrity playing a pivotal role in its progression. Strengthening tight junction (TJ) proteins enhances blood–brain barrier integrity, yet the complex genetics behind brain edema remain not fully understood. Our research endeavors to uncover pivotal genes and their roles in brain edema following cerebral hemorrhage, and to investigate potential treatment strategies. By analyzing intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) and control samples using the GSE216607 and GSE206971 datasets, we identified differentially expressed genes. Cross-referencing with the KEGG database, we aligned these genes with those related to tight junctions. Extensive enrichment analysis and protein interactions were performed to examine the expression and clinical significance of the identified genes. Our study employed the C57BL/6J mouse ICH model and qRT-PCR for key gene validation. Notably, VASP, HCLS1, MSN, and EZR, critical for tight junctions, showed increased expression post-ICH, emphasizing their significance in BBB upkeep and PHE progression. Drug validation indicated potential therapeutic effects of Testosterone enanthate, SELENIUM, and LY 294002 on tight junction-related genes. This study sheds light on the potential involvement of these genes in brain edema progression post-ICH, offering promising therapeutic targets. Further research is needed for deeper understanding.